What is the spinal cord?
The spinal cord is a long bundle of nerves running from the brain down through the backbone. It carries messages between the brain and the body and controls some reflexes.
The spinal cord is about 45 centimeters long in adults and roughly as thick as a finger. It runs from the base of the brain through a canal in the vertebrae, which protect it. Thirty-one pairs of spinal nerves branch out from it to different parts of the body, carrying signals for movement, touch, pain and temperature.
The spinal cord can control some reflexes on its own without waiting for the brain. If you touch something hot, nerves send a signal to the spinal cord, which immediately tells your muscles to pull your hand away. Only afterward does the brain register the pain.
Spinal cord injuries
Damage to the spinal cord can cut off communication between the brain and parts of the body below the injury, causing paralysis or loss of feeling. Researchers are developing treatments, including implants that stimulate nerves electronically, which have helped some paralyzed people walk with support.
Did You Know?
The spinal cord is shorter than the spine. It ends around the first or second lumbar vertebra in the lower back, and nerves continue below it.
This answer is general information, not medical advice. For a personal health question, talk to a doctor.