Logical Reasoning Quiz: 10 Questions to Test Your Logic

This logical reasoning quiz tests how well you draw correct conclusions, with if-then statements, the classic error of affirming the consequent, the valid rule called modus tollens, seating and ordering puzzles, letter codes, calendar puzzles and family riddles, using ideas that go back to Aristotle, George Boole and Lewis Carroll. Ten questions.

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🎯 Daily Trivia Challenge • 🧠 10 Questions • ⏱️ 90 Seconds

Question 1 / 10 Time: 90s

Categories
All roses in the garden are red. A flower in the garden is not red. What can we conclude?
Ordering
The red book is to the left of the blue book. The green book is to the right of the blue book. Which book is in the middle?
If-then
If it rains, the match is canceled. The match was not canceled. What follows?
If-then
If it rains, the ground gets wet. The ground is wet. What follows?
Categories
No fish are mammals. All whales are mammals. What follows?
Seating
Anna, Ben and Cara sit in a row. Ben is not at either end. Anna is not at the right end. Who is at the right end?
Codes
If CAT is written in code as DBU, how is DOG written in the same code?
Statements
Every student who studied passed the test. Lena failed the test. What must be true?
Calendar
The day before yesterday was Thursday. What day will it be tomorrow?
Family
Pointing to a man, Jane says, His mother is my mother's only daughter. How is the man related to Jane?

Explanations: answer key for all 10 questions

Q1: All roses in the garden are red. A flower in the garden is not red. What can we conclude?
Answer: It is not a rose
If it were a rose, it would have to be red. Since it is not red, it cannot be a rose. This is a careful but simple chain of logic.
Q2: The red book is to the left of the blue book. The green book is to the right of the blue book. Which book is in the middle?
Answer: Blue
The order from left to right is red, blue and green. Drawing a quick sketch is often the easiest way to solve ordering puzzles.
Q3: If it rains, the match is canceled. The match was not canceled. What follows?
Answer: It did not rain
If rain always cancels the match, and the match went ahead, it cannot have rained. Logicians call this rule modus tollens.
Q4: If it rains, the ground gets wet. The ground is wet. What follows?
Answer: It may or may not have rained
The ground could be wet for other reasons, such as a sprinkler. Concluding that it rained is a mistake called affirming the consequent.
Q5: No fish are mammals. All whales are mammals. What follows?
Answer: No whales are fish
Every whale is a mammal, and no mammal is a fish, so no whale can be a fish. This style of argument was studied by Aristotle.
Q6: Anna, Ben and Cara sit in a row. Ben is not at either end. Anna is not at the right end. Who is at the right end?
Answer: Cara
Ben must be in the middle. Anna cannot be on the right, so she is on the left, which leaves the right end for Cara.
Q7: If CAT is written in code as DBU, how is DOG written in the same code?
Answer: EPH
Each letter moves one place forward in the alphabet: C becomes D, A becomes B and T becomes U. So D, O and G become E, P and H.
Q8: Every student who studied passed the test. Lena failed the test. What must be true?
Answer: Lena did not study
If Lena had studied, she would have passed. Because she failed, she cannot have studied. This is another example of modus tollens.
Q9: The day before yesterday was Thursday. What day will it be tomorrow?
Answer: Sunday
If the day before yesterday was Thursday, yesterday was Friday and today is Saturday. That makes tomorrow Sunday.
Q10: Pointing to a man, Jane says, His mother is my mother's only daughter. How is the man related to Jane?
Answer: He is her son
Jane's mother's only daughter must be Jane herself. So the man's mother is Jane, which makes him her son.

Logical Reasoning Quiz – Thinking in Clear Steps

Logical reasoning is the skill of moving from facts to conclusions without making mistakes along the way. It is used in mathematics, science, law, computer programming and everyday decisions. Many school exams, job aptitude tests and IQ-style quizzes include logical reasoning questions like the ones in this quiz.

The study of logic goes back to the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle, who described patterns of argument called syllogisms, such as all men are mortal, Socrates is a man, so Socrates is mortal. In the 19th century, the English mathematician George Boole turned logic into a kind of algebra. Boolean logic later became the foundation of modern computers.

Two famous if-then patterns appear in this quiz. Modus tollens is valid: if A always leads to B and B did not happen, then A did not happen. Affirming the consequent is a common mistake: if A leads to B and B happened, A may still not be the cause. Spotting the difference protects you from many misleading arguments.

Ordering and seating puzzles test how well you hold several facts in your head. A good method is to draw a quick sketch or table and fill in what you know for certain first. Letter codes and calendar puzzles reward working step by step instead of guessing.

Family riddles such as the question about Jane are popular in aptitude tests because they force you to translate words into a clear picture. Reading slowly and rephrasing each clause is the key.

With practice, logical thinking becomes faster and more natural, and it helps you judge news, advertising and online claims more carefully.

What This Quiz Teaches

This quiz is perfect for students, job seekers and puzzle fans.

How to draw valid conclusions from facts
Modus tollens and affirming the consequent
Simple arguments in the style of Aristotle
Ordering and seating puzzles
Letter codes and calendar puzzles
How to untangle family relationship riddles

Quick Facts About Logic

The word logic comes from the Greek word logos, meaning word or reason.
George Boole published The Laws of Thought in 1854.
Computers use true and false values based on Boolean logic.
Logic puzzles are common in law school admission tests.
Lewis Carroll, author of Alice in Wonderland, also wrote books on logic.
Drawing diagrams is one of the best ways to solve reasoning puzzles.